Compliance pillar
Income Tax — two events, one ledger.
ESOPs are taxed twice — once at exercise as a salary perquisite, again at sale as capital gains. Captable tracks both legs and the cost basis in between, so neither the employer nor the employee is left reconstructing it from emails.
Calculate the perquisite.
Same maths captable runs at every exercise.
Tax payable at exercise on the spread between FMV and strike, added to your salary income.
Captable shows this calculation on every exercise screen inside prora, and pre-fills your Form-16 supplement at year-end.
Share-based-payment expense, automated.
Same ledger powers Section 17(2)(vi) perquisite calc and the auditor's ASC 718 schedule.
Share-based-payment expense, computed straight from the grant ledger and vesting schedule. captable produces the disclosure table your auditor expects.
Section 17(2)(vi) — ESOP perquisite
When an option is exercised, the difference between FMV on the exercise date and the strike price is a salary perquisite. Captable computes the per-grant perquisite at the moment the employee clicks exercise and produces the Form-16 Schedule entry the employer needs.
Section 56(2)(viib) — FMV at grant
Issuances above face value to a resident need a defensible FMV under Rule 11UA. Captable's Calcula-driven valuation engine produces a DCF or NAV-based per-share FMV that the issuer can defend in assessment, with every input timestamped.
Withholding at exercise
Employer-withheld TDS on the perquisite (Section 192) is computed on the same row as the exercise. Captable produces the deduction working, the Form 24Q line, and the Form-16 Annexure entry without manual reconciliation.
Capital gains on sale
When the holder eventually sells, the sale price minus the FMV that was already taxed as perquisite is the capital gain. Holding period decides STCG (Section 111A) vs LTCG (Section 112A). Captable keeps the cost-basis trail attached to every share.
Eligible startups: Section 80-IAC + ESOP deferral.
DPIIT-recognised eligible startups can defer the perquisite tax under Section 191 + Section 192 read with the Finance Act 2020 amendment — either to 5 years from exercise, sale of shares, or termination, whichever is earliest. Captable surfaces the deferred-tax liability and the unlock trigger automatically when the issuer is flagged as eligible.
Tax shouldn't be a guess.
Captable shows the perquisite, the TDS, and the capital-gains base in plain numbers — your CA gets the exports they need without an email chain.